Mood:  happy

Ever wondered how to get language name and country name from a given language id like 1033.

Well this is how we do  it...

TCHAR szBuffer[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };

// Get language name, for eg: English  
GetLocaleInfo( MAKELCID( 1033, SORT_DEFAULT ), LOCALE_SENGLANGUAGE, szBuffer, MAX_PATH );
MessageBox( szBuffer );

// Get country name, for eg: United states.
GetLocaleInfo( MAKELCID( 1033, SORT_DEFAULT ), LOCALE_SENGCOUNTRY, szBuffer, MAX_PATH );
MessageBox( szBuffer );

JESUS Rulz :))

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 4:01 PM

Updated: Monday, 27 November 2006 6:25 PM

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Mood:  party time!

It's quite common that we use RegisterWindowMessage to register a message that is used for all instances of this application.

Have you ever wondered how to get the text back from from the message number that is returned by RegisterWindowMessage?

This will make it more clear...

const UINT uMyWndMessageReg = ::RegisterWindowMessage( _T( "Nibu is testing" ));

Now how to get back "Nibu is testing" from uMyWndMessageReg?

Well this is how we do it...

TCHAR szMsgBuf[ MAX_PATH ];
GetClipboardFormatName( uMyWndMessageReg, szMsgBuf, MAX_PATH );

MessageBox( NULL, szMsgBuf, _T( "RegisterWindowMessage String" ), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );

Ah wait I have a question for you, can you tell me what's going behind the scenes of RegisterWindowMessage. ;)

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 2:00 PM

Updated: Monday, 27 November 2006 6:32 PM

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Mood:  don't ask

Well quite simple,  but still quite frequently asked in forums... :)

There are two macros that does this for us. They are as follows.

Note: You must include atlconv.h

A2W - ANSI to UNICODE
W2A - UNICODE to ANSI

Before using these two macros you have to use this macro too...

USES_CONVERSION

Here is a code snippet for you... ;)

//#include <atlconv.h>
//An example for converting from ANSI to UNICODE

//use this first
USES_CONVERSION;

//An ANSI string
LPSTR lpsz_ANSI_String = "An ANSI String";

//ANSI string being converted to a UNICODE string
LPWSTR lpUnicodeStr = A2W( lpsz_ANSI_String )


//Another example for converting from UNICODE to ANSI

//Use this first
USES_CONVERSION

//A UNICODE string
LPWSTR lp_UNICODE_STR = L"A Unicode String";

//UNICODE string being converted to a ANSI string
LPSTR  lpsz_ANSI_STR = W2A( lp_UNICODE_STR );

So that's it we are done with it.

Ah wait don't leave here's a homework for you...

Rip apart CW2A and CA2W  :))

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 3:49 PM

Updated: Saturday, 20 May 2006 3:53 PM

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Mood:  a-ok

Many times we don't want the MDI template dialog to be shown during startup of an MDI application.

Well the million dollar question is how can we prevent it from popping up. Well this is how we do it... :)

Goto your applicationname.cpp file and edit the InitInstance method at the specified place as shown here...

// Parse command line for standard shell commands, DDE, file open
CCommandLineInfo cmdInfo;
ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo); 
 
//this is the line that you should add
cmdInfo.m_nShellCommand = CCommandLineInfo::FileNothing; 

// Dispatch commands specified on the command line
if (!ProcessShellCommand(cmdInfo))
    return FALSE;

There is a member variable in the class CCommandLineInfo which is called m_nShellCommand.

This is the variable that tells the command line parser to start a new file at startup. 
This variable is by default set to FileNew. We have to assign a new value to this variable i.e. FileNothing. 
Well this means empty file so MDI will be blank initially and the template dialog doesn't pop up. 

We have to click on New file to see the template dialog again and then choose any 
template from a set of multiple templates that we have created.

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 3:03 PM

Updated: Saturday, 20 May 2006 3:27 PM

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Mood:  sharp

Just try this...

CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
pSysMenu->RemoveMenu(SC_MOVE, MF_BYCOMMAND);

Lol lol now it's not moving. 


Ah no!!! Now tell me how can I make it movable again?

Lol the funniest question of the century...ROTFL.

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 3:00 PM

Updated: Saturday, 6 May 2006 12:29 PM

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Mood:  silly

This is real simple:

m_YourStatusBar.SetBorders(
 1 //cxleft
,5 //cytop
,1 //cxright 
,5 //cybottom
);

:)

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 1:17 PM

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Mood:  cheeky

This is how we do it:

CMenu *pMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
pMenu->RemoveMenu(SC_CLOSE, MF_BYCOMMAND);

Yeap done!

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 12:26 PM

Updated: Wednesday, 5 April 2006 3:05 PM

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Mood:  hungry

It is easy to get the name of a machine. Make sure your application supports "winsock"


      WSADATA WSAData;
      ::ZeroMemory(&WSAData, sizeof(WSAData));
      //init winsock
      ::WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1,0), &WSAData);

Now get the host name:

      char szHostName[MAX_PATH];
      ::gethostname(szHostName, MAX_PATH);

szHostName has got the host name

Now close winsock.

      //close winsock
      ::WSACleanup();

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 1:33 PM

Updated: Tuesday, 20 December 2005 1:38 PM

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Mood:  surprised

Ever wondered how to create an always on top dialog!

Here, take a look. :)

::SetWindowPos(m_hWnd /*Handle to the window*/, 
		HWND_TOPMOST /*Places the window at the top of the Z-Order*/, 
		0 /*New x*/, 
		0 /*New y*/, 
		0 /*New Width*/, 
		0 /*New Height*/, 
		SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_NOSIZE|SWP_NOACTIVATE/*Flags*/
		);

Now you might be wondering how to remove this feature. Just replace HWND_TOPMOST with HWND_NOTOPMOST

Happy days ahead.

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 2:08 PM

Updated: Monday, 21 November 2005 2:12 PM

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Mood:  on fire

Ever wondered how those cute little round dialog boxes are created. I too wondered for some time.

But let me tell you it is easy.
So you don't trust me eh. Take a look:

//Create a region object globally.
CRgn m_EllipticRegion;

//a rect object
CRect crDialogRect;

//get your dialog size
this->GetClientRect(crDialogRect);

//Now create the elliptic region from the client rect
m_EllipticRegion.CreateEllipticRgn(0/*x*/,
                  0/*y*/,
                  crDialogRect.Width()/*width*/,
                  crDialogRect.Height() /*Height*/
                  );

//create a round dialog
this->SetWindowRgn(m_EllipticRegion, TRUE);

See I told you it's easy :)

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 5:30 PM

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Mood:  mischievious

Have you ever wondered how do people move dialogs by simply clicking anywhere inside the dialog and dragging them. 
Have you ever wondered how captionless dialogs can be dragged arround.

If it is so then let me tell you that you can do the same with just one line of code.

Here goes the code:

void CNCHitTestProDlg::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{
        //here is the code
        SendMessage(WM_NCLBUTTONDOWN, HTCAPTION, MAKELPARAM(point.x, point.y));
        CDialog::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);
}

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 5:04 PM

Updated: Friday, 18 November 2005 5:07 PM

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Mood:  chatty

There are at least two ways to answer this question, and we'll look at both. 
The Font class offers a getStringBounds() method that returns the bounding rectangle of a String.
The Graphics class offers a getFontMetrics() method that allows you to get the string width and character dimensions
for a finer level of detail. 
Of course, there is also the option of just setting the border of a JLabel to draw the box for you. We'll look at all these here. 

All three programs take a string from the command line to draw with a bounded box. If no string is provided, the word "Money" 
is drawn, a word that offers a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters as well as a descender (the character "y," 
which extends below the baseline). 

1.     Using Font.getStringBounds()

The first way to draw a bounding box is sufficient for most cases in which you are explicitly drawing the characters. Given the 
graphics context passed into your paintComponent() method, get its font rendering context, which contains internal details 
about the font, and then ask that what the bounding rectangle is for your message. Then, draw the rectangle. 

      String message = ...;
      Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g;
      FontRenderContext frc = g2d.getFontRenderContext();
      Shape shape = theFont.getStringBounds(message, frc);
      g2d.draw(shape);

Just be sure to coordinate the location of the drawn string with the rectangle, as demonstrated by the following program: 

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.font.*;

public class Bounds {

  static class BoxedLabel extends JComponent {
    Font theFont = new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 100);
    String message;

    BoxedLabel(String message) {
      this.message = message;
    }

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
      super.paintComponent(g);
      Insets insets = getInsets();
      g.translate(insets.left, insets.top);
      int baseline = 150;

      g.setFont(theFont);
      FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics();

      // Center line
      int width = getWidth() - insets.right;
      int stringWidth = fm.stringWidth(message);
      int x = (width - stringWidth)/2;

      g.drawString(message, x, baseline);

      Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g;
      FontRenderContext frc = g2d.getFontRenderContext();
      Shape shape = theFont.getStringBounds(message, frc);
      g.translate(x, baseline);
      g2d.draw(shape);
      g.translate(-x, -baseline);
      g.translate(-insets.left, -insets.top);
    }
  }

  public static void main(String args[]) {
    final String message;
    if (args.length == 0) {
      message = "Money";
    } else {
      message = args[0];
    }
    Runnable runner = new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Bounds");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        JComponent comp = new BoxedLabel(message);
        frame.add(comp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setSize(400, 250);
        frame.setVisible(true);
      }
    };
    EventQueue.invokeLater(runner);
  }
}

2.    Using Graphics.getFontMetrics()

The second mechanism demonstrates a finer level of detail that may or may not be necessary. What if you want to draw a box 
around each character of a string? With a proportional font, each character is a different width, so you can't just calculate font 
size multiplied by number of characters to get the width of the whole string. Instead, you work with the FontMetrics class to get 
the metrics of each character involved. 

      g.setFont(theFont);
      FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics();

Some information you get is specific to the font, and not at the character level. When you draw a string, you specify the 
baseline -- the line where the bottom of the character is to be drawn. The space above the line for the tallest character, 
including diacritical marks like umlauts, is called the ascent. Below the line for descenders (such as the letter "y") is called 
descent. Space reserved for between lines of characters is called leading, pronounced like the metal, 
not like taking charge of a group. The height is the sum of these three. 

      int ascent  = fm.getAscent();
      int descent = fm.getDescent();
      int leading = fm.getLeading();
      int height  = fm.getHeight();

There are also values for the maximum of the three sizes, though this may be the same as the non-max value. 

      int maxAdv  = fm.getMaxAdvance();
      int maxAsc  = fm.getMaxAscent();
      int maxDes  = fm.getMaxDescent();

As far as width goes, you can ask for the width of the whole string: 

      int stringWidth = fm.stringWidth(message);

So, in the case of the bounding box of a string, you'd take its width and height to create the rectangle. 

      int stringWidth = fm.stringWidth(message);
      int height  = fm.getHeight();

To work at the character level, the FontMetrics class has a charWidth() method. 
By looping through your string, you can increase the x coordinate of your box drawing to draw the next box. 
charX += fm.charWidth(message.charAt(i));

The following program demonstrates the use of both sets of methods to box off the whole string and each character. 

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Metrics {

  static class BoxedLabel extends JComponent {
    Font theFont = new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 100);
    String message;

    BoxedLabel(String message) {
      this.message = message;
    }

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
      super.paintComponent(g);
      Insets insets = getInsets();
      g.translate(insets.left, insets.top);
      int baseline = 150;

      g.setFont(theFont);
      FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics();

      int ascent  = fm.getAscent();
      int descent = fm.getDescent();
      int height  = fm.getHeight();
      int leading = fm.getLeading();
      int maxAdv  = fm.getMaxAdvance();
      int maxAsc  = fm.getMaxAscent();
      int maxDes  = fm.getMaxDescent();

      // Center line
      int width = getWidth() - insets.right;
      int stringWidth = fm.stringWidth(message);
      int x = (width - stringWidth)/2;

      g.drawString(message, x, baseline);

      drawHLine(g, x, stringWidth, baseline);
      drawHLine(g, x, stringWidth, baseline-ascent);
      drawHLine(g, x, stringWidth, baseline-maxAsc);
      drawHLine(g, x, stringWidth, baseline+descent);
      drawHLine(g, x, stringWidth, baseline+maxDes);
      drawHLine(g, x, stringWidth, baseline+maxDes+leading);

      int charX = x;
      for (int i=0; i <= message.length(); i++) {
        drawVLine(g, charX, baseline-ascent, baseline+maxDes+leading);
        if (i != message.length()) {
          charX += fm.charWidth(message.charAt(i));
        }
      }
    }

    void drawHLine(Graphics g, int x, int width, int y) {
      g.drawLine(x, y, x+width, y);
    }

    void drawVLine(Graphics g, int x, int y, int height) {
      g.drawLine(x, y, x, height);
    }
  }

  public static void main(String args[]) {
    final String message;
    if (args.length == 0) {
      message = "Money";
    } else {
      message = args[0];
    }
    Runnable runner = new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Metrics");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        JComponent comp = new BoxedLabel(message);
        frame.add(comp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setSize(400, 250);
        frame.setVisible(true);
      }
    };
    EventQueue.invokeLater(runner);
  }
}

One thing to mention about this program is that had the font been italic, the character might not have been bound to within 
the drawn box. If you need absolute control over the bounds of a string, consider looking at the TextLayout class, which 
allows you to get the outline shape of a string for further manipulation. 

3.    Setting Border of JLabel 

The JLabel class has a setBorder() method. This allows you to directly "add" the bounding box without having to subclass to 
draw it yourself. The system classes will calculate the appropriate location for you, as the following example shows. 

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Bordered {

  public static void main(String args[]) {
    final String message;
    if (args.length == 0) {
      message = "Money";
    } else {
      message = args[0];
    }
    Runnable runner = new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Border");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        JComponent comp = new JLabel(message, JLabel.CENTER);
        comp.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 100));
        comp.setBorder(LineBorder.createBlackLineBorder());
        frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
        frame.add(comp);
        frame.setSize(400, 250);
        frame.setVisible(true);
      }
    };
    EventQueue.invokeLater(runner);
  }
}
Happy days ahead...:)

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 12:37 PM

Updated: Tuesday, 15 November 2005 12:51 PM

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Mood:  bright

Many times it happens that when we call Invalidate(TRUE /*or FALSE*/) the window is not refreshed immediately. 
It happens because Invalidate() simply marks an area to be repainted. 
The area will be painted only during the next WM_PAINT message. This message won't be immediately fired 
if there is another blocking event taking place. Now you should be knowing why it didn't repaint immediately. 
:)

So now what to do if we wish to refresh the window immediately.
Simply do this!

Invalidate(TRUE);//marks the window to be painted
UpdateWindow();//by passes the message queue and paints immediately

Don't forget to call Invalidate() before UpdateWindow() or else the window will not be refreshed. 
The reason being that your region is not marked to be refreshed. 

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 12:02 PM

Updated: Tuesday, 15 November 2005 12:07 PM

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Mood:  sharp

This is how we can retrieve the ID of any window.

	LONG lWndID = ::GetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd, GWL_ID);
Simple!

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 5:01 PM

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Mood:  sharp

Here is how you can change the style of any control of at runtime. Here we are modifying the style of a top level window like a 
dialog or a frame window to display a maximize button if there is not one already.

	LONG lCurStyle = GetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE);
     	SetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd,
		GWL_STYLE,
		lCurStyle|WS_MAXIMIZEBOX, SWP_FRAMECHANGED);

The second argument in SetWindowLong and GetWindowLong gives the index of the activity that the functions has to deal with. 
Here GWL_STYLE specifies that the functions have to deal with the style index.
For further details take a look in the MSDN documentation

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 4:24 PM

Updated: Monday, 21 November 2005 1:59 PM

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Mood:  incredulous

We can get the screen resolution as follows:

int xScreenRes = ::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
int yScreenRes = ::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);

Yeah you have it!

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 4:42 PM

Updated: Thursday, 10 November 2005 4:43 PM

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Mood:  energetic

It's real easy to retrieve the height and width of a bitmap. Trust me, take a look.

CBitmap cbBmp;
cbBmp.LoadBitmap(IDB_BITMAPID);
BITMAP bmpInfo;
//clear bmpInfo
ZeroMemory(&bmpInfo, sizeof(bmpInfo));
cbBmp.GetBitmap(&bmpInfo);

There is another way of going about this. Take a look:

CBitmap cbBmp;
cbBmp.LoadBitmap(IDB_BITMAPID);
BITMAP bmpInfo;
//clear bmpInfo
ZeroMemory(&bmpInfo, sizeof(bmpInfo));
cbBmp.GetObject(sizeof(bmpInfo), &bmpInfo)

//now get the height and width...
int bmpHeight = bmpInfo.bmHeight;
int bmpWidth = bmpInfo.bmWidth;


See I told you it's easy.

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 3:48 PM

Updated: Thursday, 10 November 2005 4:48 PM

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Mood:  cheeky

Windows provides us a way to override the look and feel of a component at runtime throught this method. 
For more information take a look at the MSDN documenation on 
OnCtlColor().

The nCtlColor parameter contains the category of the control being painted, for eg:

CTLCOLOR_BTN -- Button control 
CTLCOLOR_DLG -- Dialog box 
CTLCOLOR_EDIT -- Edit control 
CTLCOLOR_LISTBOX -- List-box control 
CTLCOLOR_MSGBOX -- Message box 
CTLCOLOR_SCROLLBAR -- Scroll-bar control 
CTLCOLOR_STATIC -- Static control 

Well if you want to check for the painting of a particular control then use 
pWnd->GetDlgCtrlID(), which returns the id of the control being painted.

The device of the context of the control being painted is in the pointer pDC.

This is how we go about it:

HBRUSH CTestDlg::OnCtlColor(CDC* pDC, CWnd* pWnd, UINT nCtlColor)
{
  //call base class implementation first otherwise it may undo what we have done.
  HBRUSH hbr = CDialog::OnCtlColor(pDC, pWnd, nCtlColor);

  //Get the ctrl id and check whether we are painting the edit control or not. 
  if (pWnd->GetDlgCtrlID() == IDC_OF_EDITBOX)
  {
    // Set the text color to red.
    pDC->SetTextColor(RGB(255, 0, 0));

    //set to trasparent mode
    pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);

    //unless we do this there won't be any effect.
    hbr = m_brush;
  }
  return hbr;
}

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 11:05 AM

Updated: Thursday, 10 November 2005 4:47 PM

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Mood:  sharp

Now what's a Hotkey. An easy definition would be a key that remains hot throughout the lifetime of an 
application. Whenever you press the hotkey it does it's work no matter where the focus is where the 
input is directed to, etc. 

So here's how we go about it.

//Make this a member variable of your class.
UINT uniqueIdentifier;

//creates a unique identifier for your hotkey so that there is no hotkey id clashes
uniqueIdentifier = ::GlobalAddAtom("Somename");
::RegisterHotKey(
	m_hWnd/*Your window handle*/,
	uniqueIdentifier/*Unique identifier to uniquely identify this hotkey*/,
	MOD_ALT|MOD_CONTROL /*Modifier keys*/,
	VK_F10/*Virtual key code of any key*/
	);

//Add these message map entries
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(..., ...)
     ON_MESSAGE(WM_HOTKEY, HotKeyHandler)
     ON_WM_DESTROY()
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

//toggle visibility
LRESULT CYourDialog::HotKeyHandler(WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
     static BOOL visible = IsWindowVisible();
     if(visible)
           ShowWindow(SW_HIDE);
     else
           ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);
     visible = !visible;
}

void CYourDialog::OnDestroy()
{
     //if you register you will have to unregister too.
     UnregisterHotKey(m_hWnd, uniqueIdentifier);
}

Yeah this is how we go about it.
A cleaner approach would be create a wrapper class around this hotkey. So that registration and 
unregistration can take place smoothly.

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 5:28 PM

Updated: Thursday, 10 November 2005 4:46 PM

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Mood:  energetic

During a function call if you want to determine the state of a key use

::GetAsyncKeyState(VK_SHIFT)

Wait a minute there is one more:

::GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT)

This function retrieves the status of the
specified virtual key. The status specifies whether 
the key is up, down, or toggled (on, off?alternating 
each time the key is pressed)

To retrieve state information for all the virtual keys, use

::GetKeyboardState(PBYTE lpKeyState)

lpKeyState:   Pointer to the 256-byte array that receives the status data for each virtual key.

Posted by Nibu babu thomas at 3:56 PM

Updated: Thursday, 10 November 2005 4:44 PM

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